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+%% Copyright (c) 2015-2017, Loïc Hoguin <essen@ninenines.eu>
+%%
+%% Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+%% purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+%% copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+%%
+%% THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+%% WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+%% MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+%% ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+%% WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+%% ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+%% OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+-module(cowboy_stream).
+
+-type state() :: any().
+-type human_reason() :: atom().
+
+-type streamid() :: any().
+-export_type([streamid/0]).
+
+-type fin() :: fin | nofin.
+-export_type([fin/0]).
+
+%% @todo Perhaps it makes more sense to have resp_body in this module?
+
+-type resp_command()
+ :: {response, cowboy:http_status(), cowboy:http_headers(), cowboy_req:resp_body()}.
+-export_type([resp_command/0]).
+
+-type commands() :: [{inform, cowboy:http_status(), cowboy:http_headers()}
+ | resp_command()
+ | {headers, cowboy:http_status(), cowboy:http_headers()}
+ | {data, fin(), cowboy_req:resp_body()}
+ | {trailers, cowboy:http_headers()}
+ | {push, binary(), binary(), binary(), inet:port_number(),
+ binary(), binary(), cowboy:http_headers()}
+ | {flow, pos_integer()}
+ | {spawn, pid(), timeout()}
+ | {error_response, cowboy:http_status(), cowboy:http_headers(), iodata()}
+ | {switch_protocol, cowboy:http_headers(), module(), state()}
+ | {internal_error, any(), human_reason()}
+ | {set_options, map()}
+ | {log, logger:level(), io:format(), list()}
+ | stop].
+-export_type([commands/0]).
+
+-type reason() :: normal | switch_protocol
+ | {internal_error, timeout | {error | exit | throw, any()}, human_reason()}
+ | {socket_error, closed | atom(), human_reason()}
+ | {stream_error, cow_http2:error(), human_reason()}
+ | {connection_error, cow_http2:error(), human_reason()}
+ | {stop, cow_http2:frame() | {exit, any()}, human_reason()}.
+-export_type([reason/0]).
+
+-type partial_req() :: map(). %% @todo Take what's in cowboy_req with everything? optional.
+-export_type([partial_req/0]).
+
+-callback init(streamid(), cowboy_req:req(), cowboy:opts()) -> {commands(), state()}.
+-callback data(streamid(), fin(), binary(), State) -> {commands(), State} when State::state().
+-callback info(streamid(), any(), State) -> {commands(), State} when State::state().
+-callback terminate(streamid(), reason(), state()) -> any().
+-callback early_error(streamid(), reason(), partial_req(), Resp, cowboy:opts())
+ -> Resp when Resp::resp_command().
+
+%% @todo To optimize the number of active timers we could have a command
+%% that enables a timeout that is called in the absence of any other call,
+%% similar to what gen_server does. However the nice thing about this is
+%% that the connection process can keep a single timer around (the same
+%% one that would be used to detect half-closed sockets) and use this
+%% timer and other events to trigger the timeout in streams at their
+%% intended time.
+%%
+%% This same timer can be used to try and send PING frames to help detect
+%% that the connection is indeed unresponsive.
+
+-export([init/3]).
+-export([data/4]).
+-export([info/3]).
+-export([terminate/3]).
+-export([early_error/5]).
+-export([make_error_log/5]).
+
+%% Note that this and other functions in this module do NOT catch
+%% exceptions. We want the exception to go all the way down to the
+%% protocol code.
+%%
+%% OK the failure scenario is not so clear. The problem is
+%% that the failure at any point in init/3 will result in the
+%% corresponding state being lost. I am unfortunately not
+%% confident we can do anything about this. If the crashing
+%% handler just created a process, we'll never know about it.
+%% Therefore at this time I choose to leave all failure handling
+%% to the protocol process.
+%%
+%% Note that a failure in init/3 will result in terminate/3
+%% NOT being called. This is because the state is not available.
+
+-spec init(streamid(), cowboy_req:req(), cowboy:opts())
+ -> {commands(), {module(), state()} | undefined}.
+init(StreamID, Req, Opts) ->
+ case maps:get(stream_handlers, Opts, [cowboy_stream_h]) of
+ [] ->
+ {[], undefined};
+ [Handler|Tail] ->
+ %% We call the next handler and remove it from the list of
+ %% stream handlers. This means that handlers that run after
+ %% it have no knowledge it exists. Should user require this
+ %% knowledge they can just define a separate option that will
+ %% be left untouched.
+ {Commands, State} = Handler:init(StreamID, Req, Opts#{stream_handlers => Tail}),
+ {Commands, {Handler, State}}
+ end.
+
+-spec data(streamid(), fin(), binary(), {Handler, State} | undefined)
+ -> {commands(), {Handler, State} | undefined}
+ when Handler::module(), State::state().
+data(_, _, _, undefined) ->
+ {[], undefined};
+data(StreamID, IsFin, Data, {Handler, State0}) ->
+ {Commands, State} = Handler:data(StreamID, IsFin, Data, State0),
+ {Commands, {Handler, State}}.
+
+-spec info(streamid(), any(), {Handler, State} | undefined)
+ -> {commands(), {Handler, State} | undefined}
+ when Handler::module(), State::state().
+info(_, _, undefined) ->
+ {[], undefined};
+info(StreamID, Info, {Handler, State0}) ->
+ {Commands, State} = Handler:info(StreamID, Info, State0),
+ {Commands, {Handler, State}}.
+
+-spec terminate(streamid(), reason(), {module(), state()} | undefined) -> ok.
+terminate(_, _, undefined) ->
+ ok;
+terminate(StreamID, Reason, {Handler, State}) ->
+ _ = Handler:terminate(StreamID, Reason, State),
+ ok.
+
+-spec early_error(streamid(), reason(), partial_req(), Resp, cowboy:opts())
+ -> Resp when Resp::resp_command().
+early_error(StreamID, Reason, PartialReq, Resp, Opts) ->
+ case maps:get(stream_handlers, Opts, [cowboy_stream_h]) of
+ [] ->
+ Resp;
+ [Handler|Tail] ->
+ %% This is the same behavior as in init/3.
+ Handler:early_error(StreamID, Reason,
+ PartialReq, Resp, Opts#{stream_handlers => Tail})
+ end.
+
+-spec make_error_log(init | data | info | terminate | early_error,
+ list(), error | exit | throw, any(), list())
+ -> {log, error, string(), list()}.
+make_error_log(init, [StreamID, Req, Opts], Class, Exception, Stacktrace) ->
+ {log, error,
+ "Unhandled exception ~p:~p in cowboy_stream:init(~p, Req, Opts)~n"
+ "Stacktrace: ~p~n"
+ "Req: ~p~n"
+ "Opts: ~p~n",
+ [Class, Exception, StreamID, Stacktrace, Req, Opts]};
+make_error_log(data, [StreamID, IsFin, Data, State], Class, Exception, Stacktrace) ->
+ {log, error,
+ "Unhandled exception ~p:~p in cowboy_stream:data(~p, ~p, Data, State)~n"
+ "Stacktrace: ~p~n"
+ "Data: ~p~n"
+ "State: ~p~n",
+ [Class, Exception, StreamID, IsFin, Stacktrace, Data, State]};
+make_error_log(info, [StreamID, Msg, State], Class, Exception, Stacktrace) ->
+ {log, error,
+ "Unhandled exception ~p:~p in cowboy_stream:info(~p, Msg, State)~n"
+ "Stacktrace: ~p~n"
+ "Msg: ~p~n"
+ "State: ~p~n",
+ [Class, Exception, StreamID, Stacktrace, Msg, State]};
+make_error_log(terminate, [StreamID, Reason, State], Class, Exception, Stacktrace) ->
+ {log, error,
+ "Unhandled exception ~p:~p in cowboy_stream:terminate(~p, Reason, State)~n"
+ "Stacktrace: ~p~n"
+ "Reason: ~p~n"
+ "State: ~p~n",
+ [Class, Exception, StreamID, Stacktrace, Reason, State]};
+make_error_log(early_error, [StreamID, Reason, PartialReq, Resp, Opts],
+ Class, Exception, Stacktrace) ->
+ {log, error,
+ "Unhandled exception ~p:~p in cowboy_stream:early_error(~p, Reason, PartialReq, Resp, Opts)~n"
+ "Stacktrace: ~p~n"
+ "Reason: ~p~n"
+ "PartialReq: ~p~n"
+ "Resp: ~p~n"
+ "Opts: ~p~n",
+ [Class, Exception, StreamID, Stacktrace, Reason, PartialReq, Resp, Opts]}.